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| Wysłany: Wto 20:28, 03 Sty 2006 Temat postu: 20. Topologie sieci komputerowych. |
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| Topologia sieci komputerowej - określenie to tyczy się dwoch terminów:
• Topologia fizyczna - Zbiór zasad fizycznego łączenia poszczególnych części sieci ze sobą takich jak np. koncentratory, hosty. • Topologia logiczna - Opisuje standardy z których powinna korzystać sieć podczas komunikacji. Topologie te definiuje najczęściej IEEE. Oba te terminy są ze sobą mocno powiązane. I. Topologie fizyczne • Topologia magistrali - wszystkie elementy sieci podłączone do jednej magistrali • Topologia pierścienia - poszczegolne elementy są połączone pomiędzy sobą odcinkami kabla tworząc zamknięty pierścień • Topologia podwójnego pierścienia - poszczególne elemenety są połączone pomiędzy sobą odcinkami tworząc dwa zamknięte pierścienie • Topologia gwiazdy - komputery są podłączone do jednego punktu centralnego, koncentratora (koncentrator tworzy fizyczną topologię gwiazdy, ale logiczną magistralę) lub przełącznika • Topologia gwiazdy rozszerzonej - posiada punkt centralny (podobie do topologii gwiazdy) i punkty poboczne (jedna z częstszych topologii fizycznych Ethernetu) • Topologia hierarchiczna - zwana także topologią drzewa, jest kombinacją topologii gwiazdy i magistrali, budowa podobna do drzewa binarnego • Topologia siatki - oprócz koniecznych połączeń sieć zawiera połączenia nadmiarowe; rozwiązanie często stosowane w sieciach, w których jest wymagana wysoka bezawaryjność • Topologia liniowa - jest to łańcuch hostów w którym każdy z nich jest połączony z dwoma innymi (nie licząc elementów sieci na końcu łańcucha) II. Topologie logiczne Najczęściej używane są standardy Ethernetu. Niektóre topologie fizyczne wraz z wybranymi topologiami logicznymi: • Topologia gwiazdy oraz magistrali: o IEEE 802.3 - 10 Mb Ethernet o IEEE 802.3u - 100 Mb Ethernet o IEEE 802.3x - Full Duplex Ethernet o IEEE 802.3z - 1 Gb Ethernet • Topologia pierścienia o IEEE 802.5 - Token ring • Topologia podwójnego pierścienia o FDDI |
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